What is a book synopsis?

A synopsis summarises everything that happens in a book, from beginning to end, including twists and the ending. That is the key difference from a blurb, which is marketing copy that hides the ending. A synopsis is for professionals — literary agents, editors, publishers, contest judges — and for the author's own planning.

Agents and publishers often ask for a synopsis with a submission, to see whether the story holds together and the ending works. Lengths requested vary, from a single page to several; one to two pages is common. Always follow the submission guidelines you are given.

The conventions are straightforward. Write in the third person and present tense, even if the book is in first person or past tense. Introduce main characters with their names in capitals the first time, if the guidelines expect it. Focus on the main plot and the protagonist's emotional arc; leave out minor subplots and secondary characters. Show cause and effect — this happens, so she does that — rather than a list of events. Keep the voice clear and plain rather than trying to reproduce the novel's style.

Even self-publishers who never query benefit from writing one: it is a quick way to test structure before or after drafting, and to brief an editor, cover designer or ghostwriter.